Tiṭ d yilleḍ, ayen i d-qqarent tewriqin yewwi-d ɣef snat n teḥkayin: tamezwarut d tin n amaru yuḍnen lkunsir, i tḥemmel tefremlit, maca qrib yettwanɣa ɣef wayen i d-yettaru, syin yuɣ-itent di tkatut-is, yettnadi ad d-yaf iman-is gar yicangalen n tmetti i t-yeskeblen s wayen tettleqqim. Ma yella d taḥkayt tis-snat, d tin n umejjay i yettnadin ɣef tmental n buberrak i t-yettarran ar waktayen n temẓi-s a ladɣa wid i t-yezdin d yemma-s. Yuɣal yettwakbel, yettnadi amek ara d-yesseɣres i waktayen, ladɣa wid n tmetti i t-yurzen. Snat n teḥkayin i d-yegrew ar yiwet n teḥkayt, i d-yefser gar tewriqin yemgaraden i yessenqaden timetti si yal tama.
Ungal-a d aḍris ɣezzifen anda d-ttalsent waṭas n tuɣac n yiwudam ayen yuran di tewriqin yemgaraden. Yuwi-d ɣef snat n teḥkayin tigejdanin :
Tamezwarut d tin n umaru yuḍnen lkunsir, i yewwet waṭṭan bu-sin wudmawen; ama d winna i tettleqqim tmetti, i itetten amdan si daxel, yerna ddwa-s ur telli. Ama d winna yezzuzfen tafekka-s, yerra-t yegguni tamettant deg umṭreḥ n sbiṭar, itett di ṣṣura-s am ṣṣdid i iseftutusen uzzal. Aslak i yeslek seg yifassen n rrebrab, yeǧǧa-d deg-s later meqqren, netta yellan d amaru, d inigi ɣef tallit-is; yuɣal yuɣ-itent di tkatut-is, izedder sya ɣer da deg wannu n tatut. Ayen i t-iqerḥen ugar mačči d aṭṭan n tfekka, d win ikeblen tarwiḥt-is, imi yuɣal yettnaɣ d yiman-is akken ad yebḍu d wayen i t-yerran am netta am wiyaḍ, i t-yerran yebɛed ɣef yiman-is di tmetti i t-yesgugmen, i t-iḍerrfen s wayen tettleqqim. Anagar, di tira i d-yessuffuɣ aqraḥ-is d yiḥulfan-is, ladɣa segmi t-id-rran leḥyuḍ n sbiṭar.
Taḥakayt tis snat, d tin n umejjay i yeṭṭef buberrak n waktayen, imi yettnadi ad yegzu timental n wayen i t-yettarran ar waktayen n temẓi-s, a ladɣa wid i t-yezdin akked yemma-s. Di lbiru-ines, ɛellqent snat n tfelwiyin n teklut, Yiwet n Edward Munc, tayeḍ n Muḥemmed Isyaxem, cubant ar yisfayluyen ansi d-yettwali temẓi-s wuɣur yeckenṭeḍ akken teckenṭeḍ deg-s ula d nettat. Imawen n taddart ur t-zgilen ara, zgan heddren fell-as, kul wa amek i as-isemma, kul wa amek i t-yessenɛat s uḍad, yeqqel amzun d aɛeqqa n uzemmur i ṭṭfen yiɣuraf n taddart. Tewwet-it dunnit, rrant-id yiɣerban n usmekti ladɣa mi ara yettwali tifelwiyin iɛellqen di lbiru-ines, yuɣal itettu iman-is. Qqaren amejjay yettaf ddwa i waṭṭan, ma d netta d win ur nufi asafar i waṭṭan-ines di tlemmast n tmetti ur nesɛi ccafuɛa.
Aṭas n tuɣac i d-yettmeslayen deg udṛis, tikkelt d tin n yimeɣri-amasazɣan, tikkelt d tin n Ṭawes tameddakkelt n umaru yuḍnen, tikkelt d tin n umejjay neɣ Ṭawes tafremlit, tikkelt d tin umaru…qqarent-d ayen yuran deg waṭas n tewriqin i yeččuren d aqraḥ, winna tettleqqim tmetti s leɛwayed yeǧǧa wakud, i yettarran amdan d abeṛṛani gar-as d yiman-is d wayen akk i as-d-yezzin deg-s. Amuḍin d umejjay, yezdi-ten uqraḥ i yesɛan aṭas n wudmawen, zedren di sin gar yicangalen n tmetti i asen-yesseṛwan tineggas d tderray. Daɣ-netta, yal wa amek yessedhay iman-is, yiwen yemmal aqraḥ-is i temlel n tewriqin, wayeḍ iwekkel azaylal-is i yiniten n tfelwin.
Tiwriqin aṭas, ifassen yuran mačči yiwen, mxalafen. Taḥkayt, mačči yiwet. D aman n wasif, yal iɣzer la yesmiri… kra ttraḥent d aṭṭan n tatut, kra ɣmant s yiniten n usmekti, kra zgant d amnaṛ gar tmezwura d tneggura… Tid yessawalen i tatut, d tiwriqin n umuḍin i d-yeddan di tezmamt tawraɣt, d tidak i yeččuren d aqraḥ d yideddicen inedfen, d tidak i icuban aman d-yenneflen seg yiɣzer yettkuffuten, bab-nsent yebɣa ad yettu akken ad yili d netta, mačči akken bɣan wiyaḍ; yebɣa ad yili d iman-is mačči akken tebɣa tmetti i ikerrfen s leɛwayed, i ikebblen afriwen i umdan.
Llant tid yessawalen i tkatut, ddant-d di tezmamt taqehwit, tigi d tiwriqin n umejjay iɣef tesberber temẓi-s am buberrak, netta yeckenṭeḍ deg-s, nettat tugi ad as-tserreḥ, yettumerret aṭas. Kkses-d amek ur as-semman di taddart-is, kkses-d taqsiḍt ur d-snulfan ladɣa ɣef yemma-s i t-id-yesɛan ur tezwiǧ. Timetti, ur tecfiɛ yemma-s ɣef leɣlaḍ, imi ula di tmettant-is, ur as-gin aẓekka am netta am wiyaḍ. Ma d netta, rrant-tt-id tɣemmar n ccfawat i d-yeslulen deg-s aṭṭan ur nesɛi ddwa, aṭṭan i t-yettawin ar yizri i as-yesxerben tudert-is.
Llant daɣ, tewriqin tilleliyin, i yura ufus n Ṭawes tameddakkelt n umuḍin, tinna i t-iḥemmlen, tettawi-as-tent mi ara terzu fell-as. tjammaɛ-itent Ṭawes tafremlit i yuɣalen tettaṭṭaf-itent-id mi tt-tessen. Tiwriqin-a, ttawint-d ɣef wamek d-trezzu fell-as ladɣa sdat n bučamr-nni i d-tettaf dinna; tessaram ad as-d-tuɣal tkatut i as-iruḥen segmi t-wwten yincenga n talsa. Deg-sent iḥulfan n tayri zeddigen d ccfawat icebḥen n wasmi d-mlalen, deg-sent asirem i yessettuyen aqraḥ n yilleḍ i tmuɣli yessaramen ad ffint timmas mi ara ɛennent. Di tewriqin tilleliyin, d ccfawat n tsudent d teskuṭṭift di tazwara, i yettawin ar tuzzuft s way-s tekksen lxiq yimeɛcaq s tayri ur nettwafham. Deg-sent, asneḥneḥ n terwiḥt, aslufu n tfekkiwin, d lbenna n dunnit. Deg-sent tilelli d truẓi n tuggdi tettagi tmetti i ikebblen amdan. Deg-sent tujjmiwin n wid yemḥemmalen akked tuzzmiwin n wat warquqen ibedden d yimawen iheddren, yeẓẓaden awal di tmetti.
Llant kra n tewriqin ɣef nnfaq, deg-sent tuggdi d ustḥi, deg-sent tasusmi iqerrḥen, deg-sent aqraḥ n waṭṭan d win n tatut i ikerrfen deg umuḍin amaru, deg-sent takatut n tmetti isebken i d-yeslalayen illeḍ i tiṭ yebɣan ad twali akkin i yigli.
Llant tewriqin illexsen d imeṭṭi, ččurent d tuzzmiwin, ccah d usḥisef, deg-sent acetki ɣef tizelgi i izedɣen wid yeckenṭḍen deg uqdim irekkun, yerna ugin amaynut yettmecɛuɛulen, qqimen kan gar-sen, abrid yeɛreq-asen, armi ǧǧan ula d ayla-nsen d asuki.Ttemɛassan kan gar-sen, armi i asen-tejla tmuɣli ɣef yiḍelli, ɣef uzekka-nsen.
Ma d tiwriqin tineggura, deg-sent tayri, leḥnana d usirem n Ṭawes i iɛecqen amuḍin, deg-sent teɣra-as-d tabrat ideg imeslayen xelḍen d yimeṭṭi. Deg-sent, nnejmaɛen-d akk yiwudam n teḥkayin mi d-teddem ungal aneggaru n umeddakkel-is amuḍin : Anyaten yessawalen. Teɣra-as-d asebter ɣef tatut, syin teqleb tawerqet tkemmel taɣuri, ur iban d lewṣaya, ur iban d asirem i as-d-yefka. Ma d amru n tidet n tewriqin-a, yufa-d iman-is xelḍent-as tewriqin seg wakken ur ɛdilent.
Di taggara, teggra-d yiwet n tewriqt d tawḥiḍt, tettban-d temgarad akk ɣef tiyaḍ, tga amzun d agzul n wayen akk yellan di tewriqin ibubben leɛtab d uqraḥ, maca di tidet d aɣawas n wamek i yettwaru wungal Tiṭ d yilleḍ. Llan deg-s sin wawalen tadist d timmist i yezdi uqraḥ, maca ttakken-d asirem di taggara, imi tadist tettawi-d tudert; ma d timmist, ɣas diri-tt maca mi d-teffi yettekes uqraḥ.
ΓSi 183 n yisebtar, amaru yeslul-d iwudam i d-yettmeslayen, i yessenqaden timetti i ten-ikeblen s wassaɣen d leɛwayed i tzeṭṭ gar-as d umdan. S tsiwelt ẓẓayen d uɣanib yufraren, yega-d taḥawact i wayen akk i d-yufraren di tsekla taqbaylit seg zik ar tura, ladɣa yesseqdec aṭas n yizewlen n wungalen i d-yufraren, am : iḍ d wass, Nnig n usennan, Amsebrid, Taguni n wid iɣezzan, Yezger asaka, Ass-nni, Iɣil d wefru, Bururu, Abrid n tala, Yugar ucerrig tafawet, Tiziri…akken d-yebder timucuha n zik-nni yecban: Mqidec, Ɛmer azgen, Zelgum, Belɛejjuṭ, Bu tkercet, Silyuna.. akken yessemres inzan d lemɛun, ama d wid n zik (Yella uzekka, yella uẓekka) neɣ imaynuten ( Taɣuri, d addud; tira d talalit)…Ma nger tamwat, ad naf yebder-d ula d tifelwiyin n teklut tigraɣlanin, ama d tin n Muḥemmed Isyaxem, anaẓur ameqqran ur nettwassen ara nezzeh di tmurt-is, akked tfelwit n unaẓur ameqqran Edward Munc. Tutlayt n wungal, d tin icebḥen, temcubbak am uzeṭṭa n tissist, lqayet nezzeh s lemɛan-is. Amaru, yegla-d s umaynut, ama deg tsiwelt, tiɣunba, tutlayt…d ayen i as-yefkan ugar n ccbaḥa i wungal-is, ttbut n waya deg tugniwin n uɣanib i yesseqdec ur tent-nettaf ara deg wungalen niḍen.
Ungal n Muḥend Akli ṢALḤI, d annar ur nesɛi ifergan ilmend n tesleḍt taseklant, imi d-yegla deg yijufar-is, yerna s telqeyt s tulmisin n taɣulin niḍen, yecban: tasnimant (psychologie), ladɣa iban-d waya deg umennuɣ n yiwudan igejdanen d yiman-nsen d tmetti ideg mɣin, akken d-iban deg yiḥulfan n yal awadem yellan di yal taḥkayt deg wungal. Akken llant, tulmisin n tfelsaft i d-ibanen deg uxemmem alqayan (la pensèe profonde) i yerzan asenqed n tmetti d wayen akk tzeṭṭ d umdan i tt-izedɣen, md: tayri, tilelli, tudert, tatrarit…Akken i d-banent tulmisin n tassnametti (sociologie) ɣef teɣzi n wungal, ladɣa deg wayen yerzan tamuɣli ɣef leɛwayed i yellan di tmetti. Ihi, nezmer ad d-nini d akken, ungal “ Tiṭ d yilleḍ: Ayen i d-qqarent tewriqin”, yezmer ad yezger si tesleḍt taseklant ar tesleḍt di taɣulin niḍen i d-nebder yakan.
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