D taceqquft i d-ssumreɣ i lmend n yennayer, ayen yellan daxel n yisallen d ayen i d-ddmeɣ deg sin n yidlisen i d-yeffɣen ɣer HCA : yiwen d adlis yeddmen azwel n « Yennayer » i yura Racid Ulebsir, ma d wayeḍ d amagrad n Ɛellawa Rabḥi i d-yeddan di tesɣunt Iẓaran irefden azwel n « Yennayer : tafaska n talsa ».
Ales-iyi-d « Yennayer »
Yelḥeq-d wass n Yennayer, tawacult akken ma tella tennejmaɛ-d, ula d tiwelliyin ass-a ussant-d! Lferḥ anda ara t-rren wat uxxam! Temlal tasa d wid turew, tamɣart d umɣar, umren mi walan akka arraw-nsen d warraw n warraw-nsen ččuren-d axxam. Imensi, iheyya, ha d seksu bu sebɛa n yisufar, ha d abiṣar, ha d taɛeṣbant, ha d tiɣrifin,… yal d lxir yellan, yers-d, d asfillet ɣer useggas ara ilalen ad yefti, ad yicbiḥ, ad yuget deg-s lxir. Mi ččan imensi, rwan, iraden dduzan, qqimen-d ɣer tteqsir; acu kan ass-a awal ad yezzi ɣef Yennayer, acku mi d-zzin akken ɣef ṭṭabla i ttmesteqsayen warrac-nni: acu-t akka yennayer-agi? Acu i d sebɛa isufar? Dɣa tṛeggem-asen Nna Malḥa, jida-tsen akken ad asen-d-tessegzi acu i d yennayer.
Ssan-d taɛdilt, zzin-d am umeqyas ɣef jida-tsen, ixus kan lkanun d lḥif n zik, wannag tagnit tella, “dɣa wissen kan ma ad cfun wigi d-yekkren di tawant ɣef wayen akka ad asen-d-alseɣ akken i d-cfan wid yerwan lḥif ɣef tmucuha d-nettawi akken ad ttun laẓ? Akka i as-tenna Nna Malḥa i umɣar-is Dda Meẓyan.
Mi d-zzin akken warrac-nni, ugin ad susmen, dɣa tenṭeq Nna Malḥa tenna-asen:
- Ahaw ziɣ a tarwa smuzegtet, ma ur iyi-tefkim ara tameẓẓuɣt, ur awan-d-ttalseɣ ara ɣef yennayer, rnu, ur awen-ttakeɣ ara tiḥlawatin i awen-d-heyyaɣ.
- Tulseḍ-aɣ-t-id ilindi a yaya. I d-yenṭeq umencuf n Yuba.
- Ih, ssarmeɣ ur t-tettum ara? Llan wid iwumi ur t-id-ulseɣ ara, akka ad ttekleɣ fell-awen ad t-tettalsem ula d kunwi i wiyaḍ akken ad yeqqim d ansay ur tettettum ara, imi ha-t deg ubrid n rrwaḥ di tatut.
- Yennayer ad t-nettu? Meɛna yessen abrid ɣur-neɣ, ɣer tudrin-nneɣ seg wul! I d-yerna Yuba.
- Ih, netta ur yettruḥu ara, ad t-nesruḥ ma yella ur t-nesfugul ara, imi mi akka i t-id-nettmekti s wayen akk nxeddem deg-s, tasuta ad t-id-teǧǧ i tayeḍ.
- Nebɣa tiḥlawatin a jida. I d-yenṭeq Yudas, amecṭuḥ akk deg-sen.
- Yirbeḥ! Acu kan, mi tekfam, zzit-d s tmeẓẓuɣt ɣur-i.
Temmeɣ temɣart, tefka-asen tiḥlawatin-nni, tefreq-asen s leɛdel, yal wa yewwi amur-is, tuɣal tenṭeq ɣur-sen, tenna-asen:
- Zzit-d tura ɣer da, ad awen-d-kemmleɣ awal ɣef yennayer.
Arrac-nni, di dqiqa susmen, jemɛen tiḥlawatin-nni i d-yeqqimen, ḥala Yuba i mazal yeskerwic rnu yebɣa ad as-yekkes amur-is i weltma-s. Ma d jida-tsen tebda awal:
- Tafaska n yennayer, d ansay aqdim yellan deg uwitay n yifellaḥen n Tefriqt n Ugafa. Yal wa acu n yisem i as-yefka «Tisura n useggas, Amenzu n useggas, Ixef n useggas, Aqerru n useggas » Ma nuɣal ɣer unẓul n Lmerruk(Maroc), qqaren-as : « Iḍ n useggas, Iḍ n yennayer, Tagella n yennayer ». Deg LIBYA ɣer At waziten, qqaren-as: « Anezwar n yennayer ». Ma di tmurt n Lezzayer mucaɛ s yisem n « Aseggas amaynut n yimaziɣen ».
- Acuɣer i t-nesfugul ass n 12 janvier, deg aseggas? I d-yesteqsa umcum n Yuba.
Yerra-as-d Rabeḥ, ɛemmi-s ameqqran yellan d aselmad, yenna:
- Yennayer d aḥric n yiwen uwitay n zik “awitay ayulyan”, i yellan d awitay n tyerza, maca acuɣer i t-sfugulen 12 n wussan deffir umenzu n useggas amasiḥi? Awitay aruman ideg llan 12 n wayyuren, iseggem-it Jules César deg useggas n 46 sdat talalit n Sida Ɛisa, daymi i as-qqaren i uwitay-agi “awitay ayulyan(calendrier julie)”, asmi d-yelḥeq Ubabat Grégorien, deg useggas n 1582, yufa belli awitay yeggra s 10 n wussan ɣef wakud n tidet, dɣa amek ara yexdem, yekkes 10 n wussan: azekka-nni n 4 tuber 1582, yuɣal d 15 tuber 1582.
- Acu d anamek-is wawal-a n Yennayer? I d-tenna Tnina.
Ikemmel xali-s awal:
- Ismawen n wayyuren-a, kkan-d seg tlatinit, ayen akka qqaren ɣef yennayer d awal uddis (“yen” yiwen, ‘ayer” ayyur), ur iseḥḥa ara, acku awal-agi n Yennayer yekka-d seg tlatinit junuarius, am wakken i d-kkan akk yismawen-nniḍen n wayyuren akka am furar “fébruarius”, yebrir “aprilis”, magu “maius”, yunyu “junius, yulyu “julius” dɣa aneggaru-a d isem aruman n Jules César i ilulen deg wayyur-a.
- Ur fhimeɣ tigert i d-yenna Yuba!
- Limmer d-tesmuzegteḍ deg ubdil ara teskerwiceḍ dinna, ahat ad tfehmeḍ! I as-terra yemma-s.
Dɣa ṭṭraḍqen akk d taḍsa fell-as.
- Fehmeɣ ayen i d-tenniḍ a ɛemmi, acu kan ur ẓriɣ ara kan acuɣer i aɣ-d-qqaren belli d awal uddis, imi kečč ad d-teqqareḍ ur yelli waya!
- Ziɣ xas tifettusin-ik skerwicent, wwḍent akkin d wakka, timeẓẓuɣin-ik beddent! Dɣa ḍsan fell-as. Ikemmel ɛemmi-s deg wawal n Yuba:
- Ih a mmi, ayen akka i awen-d-nniɣ i iseḥḥan, imi ulamek ara yesɛu wawal alatini anamek di tmaziɣt, limmer d tidet i rnan-d inumak i wayyuren-nniḍen?
- Amek almi i d-nelḥeq ɣer leḥsab n 2974?
- Ma yella tafaska d usfugel n yennayer d aqbur, awitay-ines d amaynut. Tikti n beddu n leḥsab n yennayer, tebda-d deg yiseggasen n 70. Ɛemmar Neggadi, d netta i yellan ɣef uqerru n ugraw n yimaziɣen, gar-asen daɣen Besɛud Muḥend Aɛrab, ssumren-d yiwen n uneḍruy i d-ufan yebɛed aṭas deg umezruy n Yimaziɣen. Uɣalen almi d 950 uqbel talalit n Sidna Ɛisa, d azemz anda yiwen n ugellid amaziɣ Cacnaq yennuɣ d yiwen n uferɛun, dɣa yesbedd tagelda tis 22 deg tmurt n Maser.
Mi yekfa Rabaḥ awal, tenṭeq-d yemma-s:
- Wigi akk ur t-nessineɣ ara nekk a tarwa, teẓram ur ɣriɣ ara, nekk cfiɣ-d kan amek i nettmagar aseggas. D acu i nessewway, …
- Ula d ayen akka i asen-d-tulseḍ a yemma, yesɛa azal, imi xas akka ur teɣrim ara, tessawḍem teẓẓam deg-neɣ ansayen-agi, xas akken tettawim-ten seg yimi ɣer tmeẓẓuɣt, tessawḍem-aɣ-t-id, ass-a nekkni s wid yeɣran d tsuta-a i d-iteddun, yewwi-d ad t-naru, akken ad d-yeqqim, imi ass n wass-a, ruḥen wid i asent-iceffun rnu d lawan ad naru ayen akken yuzlen s yimi. Yewwi-d ad as-nefk azal, imi muḥal ad naẓ ɣer sdat, wer ma neẓra d anwa-aɣ. Yak akka a tarwa?
- Ih akka a xali! Akka a ɛemmi! Akka a ba! I d-neṭqen warrac-nni ɣef tikkelt.
Kkren seg wanda akken i llan qqimen, kemmlen učči-nsen n teḥlawatin, ma d Tafat, mazal-itt ɣer yijifer n jida-s, tettḥellil deg-s ad as-d-tales tamacahut s wacu ara tkemmel iḍ-nni.
Tilelli BELLAL