Yeffeɣ-d udlis-a i tikkelt tamezwarut deg useggas n 1915 s tutlayt talmanit, s uzwel ( Die verwandlung), d adlis yedda-n aṭas deg umaḍal merra, yettwasuqqel ɣer ugar n 40 tutlayin. Asentel n wungal-a d tafelsafit d tnefsit n umdan. D kra n yisteqsiyen i yettuɣalen d aḥdid i ttexmam, anda yettwagdel ubrid ɣer tigzi n tidet…
Taɣessa n uḍris : d tadyant n yiwen n ilemẓi isem-is Gregor Samsa i d-yekkren tanzayt yaf-d iman-is yuɣal d abeɛɛuc ameẓgellif… maca aɣbel amezwaru i t-yerḥan xas di tlemmast n tkesna : yugad ad iɛeṭṭel ɣef uxeddim-is ayen ara d-yessbeyynen leḥris i deg yettidir… s wakud Gregor yuɣal d iḥizi tɛezlit twacult-is deg texxamt imi ttsetḥin yes-s (yuɣal-asen d ttɛebga) ula d weltmas i yellan tettiḥnin fell-as-tuɣal tesmeḥ deg-s… deg tagara yemmut Gregor, tetthenna seg-s twacult-is, kemmlen tudert-nsen d tamagnut.
Deg tfelsafit d asteqsi i yesɛan azal ugar n tririt, am akken tiririt ɣef yisental i tettenǧaɛ tfelsafit d tikti kan, d xemmem, d ayen ur tezmir ara tutlayt ad d-tessegzi. Seg usteqsi ad teclex tririt ɣer war tagara n tmuɣliwin.
Ma neɛreḍ ad nɣer ayen yellan gar yijerḍan n uḍris-a, ad neẓmi isteqsiyen igejdanen n tudert :
– Acu i yettaken azal i umdan : d tafekka-s neɣ d allaɣ-is neɣ d tamussni-s ?
– Amek yeqqim uwadem agejdan yettsufri s tfekka n ubeɛɛuc, aḥulfu akked wallaɣ n umdan ?
– Anda truḥ talsa n twacult-is, xas akken yeqqim s uḥulfu d ddwaxel i ten-yecban, d tafekka kan i ibeddlen ?
– Asteqsi daɣen : ma teffer lfayda deffir n tayri… acu i nettiḥmil deg wayeḍ : d iziɣer-is neɣ d tafekka-s ?
Mmeslayeɣ-d ɣef tezmert n tutlayt deg usegzi n uḥulfu, llan ifelsafiyen i d-yemmeslayen ɣef usentel-a, i yettwalin belli tutlayt d awezɣi ad taweḍ ɣer telqaɛt n uḥulfu ad d-bedreɣ seg-sen : Ludwig Vinttgenstein, Platon, Arthur Schopenhauer Friedrich Nietzsche… maca akken yebɣu yili, aya yettemgirid seg tutlayt ɣer tayeḍ, ma nger akenni gar tsuqilt n udlis-a ɣer tefṛansist i yexdem Alexandre Vialatte s uzwel La métamorphose neɣ tasuqilt ɣer taɛrabt i yexdem Salah Aalmani s uzwel(المسخ) akked tsuqilt-is ɣer teqbaylit i yexdem Djamal Mahroug s uzwel Tuttya ( Amdan yuqqlen d ubeɛɛuc), nezmer ad naf tasuqilt n tefransist akked taɛrabt llqay-it ugar, ahat aya ad yuɣal ɣer lexṣaṣ n umawal s teqbaylit acku d tawsit yuḥwaǧen nezzeh lǧehd n unamek, aya seg tama, seg tama nniḍen tasuqilt n tefransist akked taɛrabt kkant-d srid seg tutlayt tanaṣlit n uḍris ( talmanit) maca s teqbaylit nezmer ad as-nsemmi tasuqilt seg tsuqilt.
– Tamawt : ula d tisuqilin-agi nniḍen i d-bedreɣ llan wid i tent-yesneqden, amedya tin n tefransist isenqed-ittJean-Pierre Morel, iwala belli teffeɣ-d seg yiswi aḥeqqani n tira n Franz Kafka : lehwel-nni n tilin, lxiq ameɣlal, tugdi… akken daɣen i d-yemmeslay ɣef later n tmetti deg tira, maḥsub mačči akken ara yegzu ugdud alalmani tira n Kafka ara tt-gzun yigduden nniḍen.
– Ma s tutlayt n taɛrabt aṭas n tsuqilin i yettwaxedmen i udlis-a, yemmeslay-d umsezɣan asuri Nabil El Haffar ɣef tsuqilt seg tsuqilt, iḥseb-itt d lexdeɛ n uḍris anaṣli ladɣa deg tira n Franz Kafka, acku iwala-tt dayen i iweɛren aṭas ɣef yimsuqqel ad yezzer deg telqey n inumak wa ad yessiweḍ lmeqṣud akken yella.
– Tasuqilt ɣer teqbaylit n Djamal Mahroug :
Deg tɣuri-ines ad nfaq belli imsuqqel yufa-d kra n wuguren deg tutlayt, ayen i ḥettmen fell-as ad yessemres kra n tḥarciwin i wakken ad yesseḥbiber ɣef unamek, ma nefka-d amedya s uzwel kan Tuttya, yella win ad d-yinin d anamek wessiɛen, ur icudd ara kan ɣer wawal Métamorphose… ayen yeǧǧa-n imsuqqel ad d-yernu azwel imsegzi( Amdan yuqqlen d abeɛɛuc). Akken daɣen ad naf deg waṭas n tikwal irewwel i tsuqilt awal s wawal (traduction littérale) yeɛreḍ ad yesseḥbiber ɣef unamek n tenfaliyin maca berra n wanu n telqey n yiswi afelsafi n uḍris anaṣli. Tutlayt deg uḍris n teqbaylit d tafessast yessegza-d azal n 83 wawalen, tuget deg-sen d awalen atraren i d-yernan ɣer teqbaylit, dɣa sya ara aɣ-d-yas usteqsi : acu i ilaqen i wakken ad nessiweḍ ad d-nsuqqel iḍrisen n tfelsafit igraɣlanen ?
Walaɣ mazal aṭas n lexṣas deg umawal, aya i wakken kan ad d-nsuqqel ayen yellan yakan, uqbel ad nxemmem ad d-nawi amaynut deg taɣult-agi s tutlayt-nneɣ, ama d ismawen akked tmuɣliwin n iɣerbazen igraɣlanen n tfelsafit, ma nebɣa ad d-nefk imedyaten yesɛan assaɣ ɣer uḍris-a n Franz Kafka :
– L’existentialisme
– L’absurde
– Le pragmatisme / utilitarisme moral
– La phénoménologie
– La philosophie de l’identité
– La philosophie de langage
Aya daɣen ad aɣ-yawi ɣer usteqsi nniḍen : anwa i ilaqen ad d-isuqqel iḍrisen yecban wig-i, d wid yellan deg unnar n tsuqiltɣer teqbaylit neɣ d wid yellan deg unnar n tfelsafit neɣ ahat ilaq aɣerbaz ara yettxeṣṣen deg way-a, ad yesdukel gar uselmed n tmaziɣt d uselmed n tfelsafit, acuɣer ala daɣen ad d-nger aselmed n tfelsafit deg yigezduyen n tutlayt d yidles amaziɣ.
Tasuqilt-a d taruẓi n usalu ɣer uccqirew i yurǧan azekka n tutlayt tamaziɣt, ma nebɣa ad tidir ilaq ad tizmir, i wakken ad tizmir ilaq usnulfu deg yakk taɣulin, a ladɣa deg tesnilest, ilaq tamaziɣt ad tesɛu amawal n tfelsafit ma zemreɣ ad as-semmiɣ akka, anda ara d-ilin akk yinumak n iɣerbazen n tfelsafit akked usegzi-nsen…
Deg yakk tisuqilin yerzan asentel-a ad naf yella lexṣaṣ n umawal yessawaḍen anamek akken yella ma nebda-tt-id seg tsuqilt n Nnbi(Le prophète) n Khalil Djebran sɣur Farid Abache, Hocin Louni.
-Uḍan n tziri (Les nuits blanches) n Dostoïevski sɣur Larbi yahioun.
D tasuqilt kan i izemren ad t-beyyen ma tezmer tutlayt i yisental imeqqranen n tudert, yes-s ara nẓer anda txuṣ tutlayt, acu-ten yiccqirwen i tt-yeggunin.
Ali Sid
