Deg sin n yumuren imezwura deg wawal-iw ɣef temsalt n tɣuri di tsekla n teqbaylit, meslayeɣ-d ɣef snat n tikta. Takti tamenzut, nniɣ-d deg-s amek i d-tres temsalt-agi di tsekla n teqbaylit. Iswi agejdan n takti-agi, yebḍa ɣef sin. Si tama, nudaɣ ad d-iniɣ amek-itent tmuɣlinwin yellan ɣef tɣuri d yimeɣriyen. Si tama tayeḍ, bɣiɣ ad d-mleɣ amek i as-d-bedden yimawlan n tmuɣliwin-agi i temsalt. Takti tis snat, wteɣ ad d-sekneɣ amek tennekras temsalt. Deg-s, ɛerḍeɣ ad d-sfehmeɣ belli tamsalt n tɣuri di tsekla-nneɣ ur telli d tamsalt fessusen, mačči ini-d kan, ayen i d-tenniḍ ad iɛeddi. Tennekras temsalt-agi acku d tamsalt yeqqnen ɣer yibeddilen iḥuzan ama d timetti ama d yidles n teqbaylit. Ibeddilen-agi, slulen-d tegnatin ideg tuɣal tira d tɣuri d sin n yiferdisen igejdanen di tsekla taqbaylit (nezmer ad nsihrew tamuɣli ɣer tentaliwin timaziɣin nniḍen). Tin yernan ɣer-s, wteɣ amek ara d-ssuɣ i tmuɣli ara d-yesfehmen tamsalt-agi n tɣuri d yimeɣriyen, yerna ad tebnu ɣef wayen yellan di tilawt, mačči d ṛṛay kan (iɛeǧben i bab-is) neɣ d ṛṛay ara ibedden ɣef lebɣi n bab-is.
Tikkelt-a, ad d-awiɣ awal ɣef tesnarrayt (méthodologie) issefken akken ad d-yessefhem yiwen tamsalt-agi n tɣuri d yimeɣriyen. Ittusemma, aḍris n ddurt-agi d akemmel i sin n yimezyura-nni ɣef d-meslayeɣ (s tewzel) di tseddart yezrin. Amek ara yeɛnu yiwen tamsalt-agi n tɣuri d yimeɣriyen ? D wagi i d asteqsi agejdan.
Di tazwara, yessefk ad d-yesmekti yiwen belli deg wawal yellan ar tura ɣef/di temsalt-agi, tuget n tmuɣliwin beddent ɣef ukenni n teqbaylit ɣer tefransist d teɛrabt. Wissen ma yelha ubrid-agi i ḍefren yimawlan n tmuɣliwin-agi. Acku tarrayt takennayt (méthode comparative) tlaq ad tebded ɣef sin n yimenzayen (principes). Amenzu, ilaq ad ilint snat n tɣawsin-nni ara kennin deg way gar-asent mgadant deg waddad-nsent, xersum mqarabent deg uzayer-nsent (statut). Deg uswir-agi, mačči akka i tella tegnit. Ilaq diɣen ad ilin yisalan di yal aswir n ukenni . Wagi d amenzay wis sin. D asmekti kan : tasekla taqbaylit ur d-tettban ara akken iwulem di ssuq adelsan ; annar-is aseklan amiran, tura kan i bdant tlisa-s ttbant-d cwiṭ cwiṭ ; akken ula d taɣessa-s. Ayen i yezmer ad t-id-yini yiwen deg uswir-agi n lexsas n yisalan ɣef tsekla n teqbaylit, yezmer ad t-id-yini, mebla akukru, ɣef tsekliwin n teɛrabt d tefransist. Amek ihi ara ikenni yiwen snat n tseklinwin (neɣ ugar) di tegnit am tagi ?
D asewzel n wawal : tamuɣli yettkennin ur telhi deg tegnit-agi ideg tella akka tura tsekla n teqbaylit. Ur telli d tarrayt yelhan acku, tamezwarut n tmezwura, ur banen yisalan ilaqen i ukenni. Tis snat ur ilaq ad teqqim temsalt di tneqqiḍt n tesmekta (quantité), ad yettnadi kan yiwen ɣef umḍan n yidlisen (nombre de textes) i d-yefɣen neɣ ɣef umḍan n yimeɣriyen (nombre de lecteurs), atg.. Tin yernan ɣer-s, ur ilaq ara ad yeḥbes bab n ṛṛay deg wawal-nni kan : « ulac win yeqqaren s teqbaylit » neɣ « mačči aṭas i yeqqaren s teqbaylit ». Ma yenna-d akka, wissen ɣef wacu i tt-yebna ? Tayeḍ : ma yenna-d akka, amzun yeqqar-d belli « llan wid yeqqaren s teɛrabt d tefransist » neɣ « llan aṭas i yeqqaren s teɣrabt d tefransist ». Nekk, ad d-iniɣ : ur iṣeḥḥa ara wayagi. Tilawt la d-teqqar ayen nniḍen. Netta di tilawt, tamsalt n tɣuri d tamsalt tadelsant nnig n wayen tella d tamsalt tatlayant.
Amek ihi ara as-d-nebded i temsalt ? Nekk, di tmuɣli-w, ur telli temsalt n tɣuri d tamsalt n umḍan kan (acḥal i yeqqaren ?) ɣas ma teqqiḍt-agi ɣer-s azal ; ilaq kan ad tt-yerr yiwen deg uswir i as-issefken.
Ɣur-i nekk, taɣuri di tsekla taqbaylit d tamsalt n ukala (processus) n ureṣṣi n tɣuri deg yidles aqbayli (amaziɣ sumata). Lmeɛna-s, ilaq ad d-yerr yiwen ɣef yisteqsiyen am wigi : amek i d-tban tɣuri ? Amek i tettnerni ? Amek i tettili ? Anida i tettili ? S yisteqsiyen-agi, tuɣal temsalt n tɣuri s amezruy s sin wudmawen. Udem amenzu d udem i d-imalen melmi d wamek i d-iban usnulfu aseklan s tira d wamek i yella usiweḍ yiḍrisen ɣer wid ara ten-yeɣren. Udem wis sin d udem ara d-iseknen amek i d-tga (amek i d-tedda) tɣuri deg umezruy adelsan, seg wasmi i bdan yidlisen leḥḥun di tmetti.
Tasnarrayt ara yerren tamuɣli tamazrayt d abrid akken ad yefhem / ad d-yessehfem yiwen tamsalt n tɣuri d yimeɣriyen d tinna i d tasnarrayt iwulmen. Acku armud n udlis drus aya segmi yella ; di sin n leqrun-agi ineggura kan. Lmeɛna-s d ayen i d-yennulfan deg umezruy. Adlis, yettuɣal cwiṭ cwiṭ d taɣawsa tadelsant. Yebda, yettnuzu am netta am ufares (sselɛa) nniḍen. S wakka, yettuɣal diɣen d taɣawsa tadamsant. Ayen yesɛan azal, nekk walaɣ-t deg wamek i tettnerni tezmert n tɣuri mačči deg wacḥal i yeqqaren. Di tsekla taqbaylit (am di tsekliwin timaziɣin tiyeḍ), tamsalt n tɣuri mačči d tamsalt n umḍan n wid yeqqaren (acḥal i yeqqaren, ma drus neɣ aṭas ?). D tamsalt n wamek i d-iban urmud n tɣuri d wamek yettnerni. Amek-it ukala n urmud n tɣuri deg umezruy ? D wagi i d asteqsi agejdan. Win ara d-yerren fell-as s wayen yellan di tilawt n tsekla taqbyalit yuran, ad yefhem / ad d-yessefhem tamsalt n tɣuri d yimeɣriyen.
Deg umur wis 4, d aneggaru, ad d-iniɣ amek i tga temsalt-agi n tɣuri d yimeɣriyin s teqbaylit (s tmaziɣt). Ad bnuɣ tamuɣli-w ɣef tesnarrayt-agi ibedden ɣef ukala n tɣuri deg umezruy d tmetti.
Muḥend Akli Salḥi
