Ungal amerruki, talalit, imura d yisental

(Agzul n wungal Ijejjigen n tidi yura Muḥend Akunad)

Tasekla tamaziɣt d tin i d-irefden iman-is s waṭas, abeɛda deg iseggasen-a ineggura, xas akken tlul-d seg timawit, xas akken tedder-d acḥal d leqrun s cfawat, maca yewweḍ-d wass anda i tettwaru. S lebɣi, s tuggdi, s leḥmala amer ad truḥ, imi ayen ur nettwaru leqrar-is d nger, ula i d-teg cfawa, ula i d-teg tmenna s yimi deg tallit i tezreb tira. Yerna, mačči d aressi kan n wayen yellan yakan i ɛerḍen ad arun, maca snulfan-d tiwsatin timaynutin, snernan tasekla-nsen, imi ula d nettat tuklal ad tili am tsekliwin n umaḍal d tirni.

Seg tewsatin d-snulfan, d tawsit n wungal. Deg tmurt n Leqbayel iban-d deg iseggasen n 1981, dɣa d ineḍruyen-nni n tmanyin i yefkan afud i Ɛellic akken ad d-yaru s tutlayt taqbaylit, tawsit i yellan d ungal s wudem unṣib, xas ma aẓar-is yekka-d seg Belɛid At Ɛli, deg yiseggasen n 40. Ula deg tmurt n Merruk, yessaweḍ yefka-d talalit-is deg iseggasen n 1994, anda i yura Ɛli Ikken ungal s tcelḥit s uzwel n Asekkif n yinẓaḍen, ma s trifit nerǧa almi d aseggas n 1997 akken ad d-yaru Muḥemmed Caca Erreẓtabu ad teffeɣ tafukt. Ungalen-a ur d-llin siwa d tawil n usenfali ɣef liḥala n wamek yettidir uɣref amaziɣ deg tmurt n Merruk, meḥsub d aglam n wayen ddren yimdanen n wayen tedder tmetti d wayen akk i as-d-yezzin. Deg tezrawt-a, nebɣa ad nessisen wid yuran, acu uran, ama s tcelḥit, ama s trifit, isental i ɣef ttarun, nebɣa daɣen ad nessisen agzul n yiwen n unagal s wazal-is, imi yessaweḍ s tira-s ɣer ukkuẓ n wungalen, wagi d Muḥemmed Akunaḍ ; anda i nextar Ijjigen n tidi, i d-yeffɣen deg 2002, d ungal-is wis sin mbeɛd Tawergit d imik

1. Imura d wayen uran

Ufrarent-d snat n tantaliyin deg tmurt n Merruk s tira tanagalt : tacelḥit d trifit. Tira tanagalt s tcelḥit d nettat i d-yebɛezqen d tamezwarut, imi tban-d deg useggas n 1994, ma d tarifit deg 1997, sɣur wid yeɣran ; i iɛerḍen ad bnun ungal amaziɣ ama acelḥi neɣ arifi, s wudem, s lqaleb n wungal agreɣlan.

• Ungal acelḥi :

Ungal amezwaru akk i d-yettwazergen, d ungal yura Ɛli Iken iwumi isemma Asekkif n wanẓaḍen, deg 1994. Am wakken d-iban Abu El Qasim « Afulay » s wungal-is Imula n tmektit deg 2002, d ungal d-yulsen akk ayen tedder tmetti-ines, tewwi-d ɣef tsertit, yessenfali-d ɣef yiḥulfan. Muḥemmed Akunad, yura aṭas n wungalen, dɣa d netta i d-yuffraren, Tawergit d imik d ungal-is amezwaru d-yessuffeɣ deg 2002, wis sin yura-t deg 2006 Ijjigen n tidi,  Tawergit d imik, i yettwasuqqlen sɣur Ḥusin Nacef ɣer tefransist « Des youyous dans la mosquée », dɣa deg wungal-a wis kraḍ, yessenqed deg-s yerna yessezɣen timetti i deg yettidir, tutlayt, tasertit d tmagit d isental i ɣef yebna, ma d ungal-is wis ukkuẓ isemma-as Tamurt n ilfawen, yura-t deg 2012. Yella Lḥusin Azergi, i yuran Aɣrum n Iheggaren, dɣa s wungal-a i yewwi araz amezwaru deg tsekla tamaziɣt deg 2004 deg tesdawit n Ɣernaṭa. Brahim El Ɛasri ula d netta deg 2008, yessuffeɣ-d ungal isemma-as Ijarawen n tayri, deg-s yemmeslay-d ɣef tayri yezdin Izil d Tlelli deg tesnawit, maca ur ssawḍen ara lebɣi-nsen, imi iɛekkuren d yiɛdawen zgan ɛussen gullen ur tesdukkel gar sin s tayri, imi tayri tuɣal d ayen n dir, d ayen i ten-yeǧǧan, yal wa anda yerra ; Izil yeǧǧa taɣuri, Tilelli tkemmel. Zrin iseggasen, texdem assaɣ d mmi-s ɛemmi-s dɣa terfed ɣur-s, terwel, tenfa iman-is ɣer wanda yettidir Izil, ddren deg sin deg yiwen uxxam , wer ma reclen.

Abdella Sabri, yura Azref akucam deg useggas n 2009, deg-s yessenqed timetti-ines, yewwet-d ɣef wid d wamek ɛefsen izerfan n umdan deg tmurt n Merruk. Igḍaḍ n Wihran d ungal yura Lḥusin Bu Yeɛqubi deg useggas n 2010, d ayen d-yettales ɣef wasmi iruḥ ɣer Wehran, d ismektiyen yedder dinna.

• Ungal arifi :

Ilul-d deg 1997, yura-t Muḥend Caca, isemma-as Rreẓṭabu, ad teffeɣ tafukt, yeffeɣ-d deg tmurt n Hulunda, yewwi-ḍ ɣef temsal yeǧǧan timura ur uẓant ara ɣer sdat, wa ad cbunt timura n umaḍal. Muḥemmed Buzagu netta daɣen yura-d deg 2001 Ticri tama n tasarawt, d ayen tedder tmurt deg iseggasen n 1994, ɣef umennuɣ d-yellan ɣef tmaziɣt. Yura daɣen Jar u jar deg 2004, d aglam alqayan i tmetti d wamek ttɛicin yimdanen d lixsas akked lḥif. Deg 2015, yura Tudert deg undar, d ungal ameddurman, yes-s i d-yessebgen amek yettmettat yal tikkelt, d tirezzaf ɣer uẓekka-s yal tikkelt, tudert ur nesɛi azal, d amdan ur nessin i tayri anamek, d amdan yettwaḥeqqren imi ur yesɛi azal ula s tutlayt, d amdan, d ameɛcuq. Acu kan ayen ilhan deg ungal-a arifi, yefka amḍiq i tmeṭṭut akken ad tban, dɣa d nettat i d tanagalt tamezwarut, tagi d Yejjis n idurar n Rrif tura Tasrit n uẓru deg 2001, temmeslay-d ɣet tmeṭṭut, ɣef wayen akk icudden d wayen yerzan idurar n Rrif. Ma d ungal aneggaru, yura-t Saɛid Belɣerbi, isemma-as : Nunja, tanecruft n yiẓerfan deg 2009, deg-s yesserwes gar wayen yellan d ansay d wayen d-yennulfan tura meḥsub d amaynut. Yidir d asaḍ, yeqqen gar snat temsal-a, yedder s wayen d-ǧǧan lejdud-is, wer ma yettu ad inadi ɣef wayenn swayes ad yessaẓ timetti-ines ɣer sdat.

2. Agzul n wungal « Ijjigen n tidi » n Muḥemmed Akunad

Muḥemmed Akunad deg 2006, yessuffeɣ-d ungal n Ijjigen n tidi, ungal wis sin mbeɛd mi d-yessuffeɣ deg 2002 Tawergit d imik. Ungal-a d win iqerben ɣer wayen ttidiren yicelḥiyen yal ass. Ma yella ungal-is amezwaru Tawergit d imik d win d-yemmeslayen ɣef tutlayin deg Merruk d wassaɣ-nsen akked tesreḍt, abeɛda tutlayt n tmaziɣt i yettwaḥeqqren, ungal wis sin yewwi-d isental yemgarraden akk, icudden ɣer tmetti, ɣer tsertit, ɣer tdamsa tmurt d wamek ttidiren yimdanen.

Ineḍruyen n teḥkayt n wungal-a, llan-d deg yiseggasen n 1960 d 1970, anda i d-iban yinig ɣer tmura n berra, abeɛda ɣer tmura n Uruba s waṭas, aṭas n wid yeffɣen taddart qbala ɣer Fransa, ruḥen akk ǧǧan Akuban, taddart-nsen. Taddart-a d tin yellan ɣer tama n wadda n temdint n Sus, d taddart yettwaɛezlen, yettwattun, yettuqqet deg-s lixṣas, ddant akk tmura d zzman, nettat mazal-it deg lḥif, ur yelli wayen ara yeṭṭfen imezdaɣ-is ad qqimen deg-s, ɣef waya i hujren akk. Maca xas ma lixsas yella, nnif d lḥerma d nutni i d imawlan-is, ur as-brin, fell-asi jgugelen, snen-as i wazalen, werǧin brin i nnif-nsen, d wid tezdeɣ tebɣest. Seg yiwudam-is igejdanen Askwti[1], ssawalen-as daɣen Taryalt[2] ; d win d-yesɛeddan azgen n tudert-is  deg Fransa, mi d-yuɣal yecfa ɣef kullec, ɣef wussan d-iɛac, taddart anda d-yekker, tawacult-is, ineẓman-is, tirga-s, imeddukkal-is d wamek yella yettwali timsal, ass-a aṭas i ibeddlen fell-as, yettwakkes lḥif-nni, ibeddel tamuɣli. Rwaḥ-is ɣer Fransa tikkelt tamenzut aṭas i ibeddel deg-s, abeɛda deg liḥala-ines tanmettit, imi yessaweḍ yesfeḍ tigullelt fell-as, am netta am wid yunagen.

• Isental i ɣef yebna wungal

Ugten yisental i ɣef yebna wungal-a, imi ayen icudden ɣer tmetti d ayen akk yellan d ugur i tmeddurt, ama d tadamsa, ama d tasertit, tasreḍt neɣ ayen nniḍen.

• Laẓ d lḥif

Laẓ d lixṣas, d ayen i ɣef iwehha tamuɣli unagal s waṭas, imi d ayen i tettidir tmetti-ines, dɣa ayen ad aɣ-d-yesbegnen asentel-a amzun d agejdan. Deg-s isseqdec i waṭas n tikkal ayen d-yemmalen laẓ (laẓ, aɣewni, imluẓẓa, adis, adan) d awalen i d-yettuɛawden ugar n mya tikkal. Mačči d laẓ n uɣrum d tgella kan, maca n kullec, lixsas seg akk tamiwin, dɣa d ayen i izemren ad yesseɣli deg wazal n umdan akken d-yenna unagal-a : Iɣ ur ta tjjawnt, ur ad tsyafat is tgit (celui qui a faim ne peut pas se sentir comme un être humain). Rnu ɣer temharsa tafransist, abeɛda deg tamwin-a anda i zedgen yimaziɣen ttwaɛezlent, ttwaḥerment deg kra n wayen i izemren ad tent-yessnerni wa ad yesseǧhed tadamsa-nsent. Asil, d lɛaqel n taddart i yugin ad yeknu ddaw uzaglu n Fransa, imi iwala d lɛib win iqeblen ad yessukkes aɣrum-is seg urumi, yeḥseb-iten d ixemmasen. Asmi wwin timunnent, ferḥen nwan ad tezzi nnuba-nsen, maca tirga mxalfa, d ayen i ten-yeǧǧan ad inigen, ad nadin ayen s wayes ara sefḍen laẓ-nsen. Xas akken Asil d wid i t-icuban llan mgal wid yettinigen, maca nutni sɛuẓgen-asen, ruḥen gar-asen Askwti.

• Inig, adrim d ubeddel n tmuɣli

Anagal, yemmeslay-d ɣef yinig, i yeǧǧan irgazen ad jemɛen idrimen  ten-yeǧǧan daɣen ad beddlen ula d tamuɣli-nsen ɣer ddunit. Yextar Askwti d amedya n wid d-yuɣalen seg yimqqranen, i yuɣalen yettwali timsal akken nniḍen. Asmi yunag, yeǧǧa akk ayen d-yedder, ama d laẓ, lixsas d kullec. Amzun d talalit i d-ilul i tikkelt nniḍen, ɣur-s, snat n tmeddurin : yiwet tewwet-it ɣer lqaɛa, tayeḍ terfed-it, tessaki-t, tbeddel-as abrid ; temla-as assirem, tesselmed-as tayri, teldi-as ul-is d wallaɣ-is. Asmi d-yuɣal ɣer tmurt yuɣ axxam, yerna mačči axxam n menwaya, d axxam n Lqayed-nsen Aɣnnaj, yiwen ur yessaweḍ ad t-yaɣ, ala netta. Yuzzel yisem-is, slan akk medden, yuɣal yesɛa awal deg taddart, ula deg ljameɛ. Acu kan xas akka akk yewweḍ aya, maca werǧin yettu iẓuran-is d ubrid d-iɛedda. Amanuz, d win ukud yettmsefham, msuffaɣen ṭṭbiɛa, ttembaddalen tikta, imi Amanuz ula d netta yedder-d deg Fransa, yerna yeɣra, yeldi wallaɣ-is i waṭas n temsal. Maca lefhama-a ixelleṣ-it ɣlayet, imi yessaweḍ inuda ɣef tlelli i netta d ugdud-is, ugaden-t, wissen anda neɣ acu i as-xedmen, iɣab later-is, nɣant neɣ nfant ur iban. Ma d wid yessaki, bɣan ad sekkren tagrawla, uɣalen ttnadin fell-asen Lmexzen.

Ijejjigen n tidi d ungal anmetti anmezray daɣen, yewwi-d ɣef umezruy anmetti, ɣef tdamsa, d tsertit n temdint n Sus, seg wasmi tewwi Merruk timunnent-is ar ass n wass-a. Ismawen n yimukan d yismawen n yimdanen d wid yellan deg tilawt, ayen ad aɣ-yeslemden amezruy. Aɣnnaj, d isem mucaɛen, i d-mazal ar ass-a d nnekwa n kra n twaculin. Amanuz d azamul n tissas, d azamul n iseggasen iweɛren, i d-yessebganen belli amennuɣ ɣef tlelli d amennuɣ n yal ass, yerna mačč d win isehlen.

Dɣa tawacult n El Manuzi, tettwassen daɣen deg temnaḍt-a n Sus, s yisseɣ kesben, imi yiwen seg warraw-is d win yettnaɣen ɣef tlelli, icuba Amanuz, d ayen i yeḍran i umanuz i yeḍran i El Manuzi, akken i sɣaben laṭer-is, akken i t-sdergen ɣef wallen n yimawlan, laḥbab d yiqriben, ar ass-a ur ẓrin anda i d-yeggra, xas ma ldin taɣdemt, adẓren tidet n leɛyab-is d sani yerra, amek d-yeggra ma yedder.

S umata nezmer kan ad d-nini belli tira tanagalt deg tmurt  imaziɣen tban d acu i tt-id-yeslalen, tban daɣen ɣef wacu d-tettawi. Ur nezmir ad d-nini temgarrad ɣef tira tanagalt n tmurt n Leqbayel, mi ara nɣer wa ad nwali isental. D yayen akken i iceɣben amaziɣ n Merruk, i iceɣben amaziɣ n Leqbayel, d tamagit-is ad tban, d tutlayt-is ad  tifrir, d tasekla-s ad teǧǧuǧǧeg, d izerfan-is ad d-ḍehren, ad berzen akken iwata, akken agdud-is ad yevbu lejnas merra, ama deg tsekla, deg yidles, deg tdamsa, deg tsertit. Deg wayen akk sɛan lejnas, imaziɣen ixuss-iten.

 

[1] D isem i fkan i wasaḍ n teḥkayt deg wungal-a, ilmend n lqed-is, meḥsub imi wezzil i as-qqaren akka.
[2] Imi yuɣal d amerkanti, taryalt d idrimen.